Hair curler



5 Y 0 m m E W #0 N 0 2 9 VA m m Wm M 2 a A Y B A. CALDORA HAIR CURLERFiled April 24, 1947 Dec. 2, 1952 Patented Dec. 2, 1952 UNITED STATESPATENT OFFICE HAIR OURLER Armand Caldora, New York, N. Y. ApplicationApril 24, 1947, Serial N 0. 743,565

4 Claims. 1

This invention relates to improvements in hair curlers and particularlyto the type of hair curler used for the setting and formation of smallcurls or large fiat ringlets such as are ordinarily Worn by women aroundthe forehead and temple.

One object of this invention is to provide a hair curler which can beconveniently used to provide right hand or left hand turns, as desired;the curler can be used either at home by the operator upon herself or inprofessional beauty parlors by professional operators.

A further object is to provide a hair curler which is so contructed thatthe operator can wind most difiicult and irregular strands of hair withease and rapidity.

Another object of this invention is to provide a hair curler ofinexpensive construction which has very few parts which may be operatedrapidly, and which is adapted for producing a cold permanent wavewherein each strand of hair is saturated with any suitable cold wavingsolution.

Another object is to provide a hair curler wherein a strand retainingrotor cooperates with a mandrel to hold the curl in place, said mandreland rotor having cooperative locking means which contain the hairproperly during the curling operation resulting in a desirable flatringlet or curl which will remain for several days when used for thepurpose of setting the hair to be styled.

Another object is to achieve a hair curler lock device which is easilyoperated both in the look-- ing and unlocking operation.

A further object is to provide a simple hair curler which will applyjust the proper pressure to the hair to effectively achieve the curlingoperation without any hurt or annoyance to the person.

Other advantages will appear as the nature of the improvements is betterunderstood, the invention consisting substantially in the novelarrangement and co -relation of the parts herein fully described andillustrated in the accompanying drawings wherein similar referencecharacters are used to describe corresponding parts throughout theseveral views and then finally pointed out and specifically defined andindicated in the appended claims.

The disclosure made the basis for exemplifying the present inventiveidea involved, is capable of receiving a variety of mechanicalexpressions, four of which are shown in the accompanying drawings.

It should be. understood of course that the details of the invention maybe changed again from exact conformation with any of the above fourversions and that these represent only certain practical embodiments atthis time, and that these versions are to be understood from anillustrative rather than a restrictive point of view.

The device in general consists of a mandrel which is held stationary bythe operator and in which there is a gate for admission of the lock ofhair. There is also a rotor which has one or more handles for turningsame and in each case there are guides to direct the hair properlyeither right or left depending which way the woman chooses to coiffureher hair.

There is also a lock and certain apertures.

The invention will appear more clearly from the following detaileddescription when taken in connection with the accompanying drawings inwhich:

Figure 1 is a plan view of the first embodiment, showing a strand ofhair engaged and about to be wound on the mandrel thereof, the dottedlines indicating the manner in which the strand guide band routes thehair.

Figure 2 is a sectional view of this device taken on the line 2-2looking in the direction of the arrows.

Figure 3 is a plan view of the second embodiment of the curler.

Figure 4 is a side view of ment.

Figure 5 is a plan view of the third version of this invention andFigure 6 is a sectional view taken on the line 6-6 looking in thedirection of the arrows for the third Version.

Figure 7 is a plan view version of the invention.

While Figure 8 is a sectional view taken on the line 88 of Figure 7looking in the direction of the arrows.

It will be seen that the system of winding the hair is the same in eachcase and that the various versions differ only in the details of theguide and the lock with small variations in the shape of the mandrel androtor.

The principal elements of the present curler are preferably mouldedfroma transparent synthetic resinous or plastic material having somedegree of resiliency but it will of course be understood that otherproducts may beemployedin the manufacture of the curler withoutdeparting from the spirit or scope of the invention.

Referring now to the drawings in detail, the mandrel of the device shownas the first version in Figure 1 is designated as part In in thisdrawing the second embodiof another and a fourth and is one of twocooperative mainsections or units, the other unit being in this case therotor II, the mandrel III having a flat elongated p tion at I2 intendedfor a handle with which it may be held stationary. This mandrel also hasa central slightly tapered spindle 2U the purpose of the tapered spindleis to facilitate the removal of each finished curl, in addition themandrel has a circular area at IS, with proper space and clearancebetween this area and the flat top I4 of the rotor, so that a strand ofhair may be conveniently wound concentrically around the center spindle2|) of this mandre1.

Between the rounded portion I3 and the handle I2 there is a gate I5 onthe mandrel. There is a similar gate 45 on the rotor I I in acorresponding position.

Gate I5 on the mandrel leads to a semicircular aperture 52 in themandrel while gate I5 on the rotor leads to a similar aperture 33 in thesaid rotor I I. Through these gate and apertures the strand of hair maybe entered or engaged by the operator when the parts are in the positionshown, this being obtained by turning the rotor I in the direction ofthe arrow (ill to the position shown on Figure 1 or in reverse.

An important feature of the device is a circular female groove I6machined in the periphery of the circular portion I3 of the mandrel II]and shown in section on Figure 2.

Thi circular groove I6 is accurately machined in such a way that asuitable male flange I1 also accurately machined on the rotor may befitted into the groove I3, and this is effected by forcibly expandingthe circular rim I3 of said rotor I I and admitting it over the extremeouter diameter of circular portion I3 of said mandrel Ii), the naturalresiliency of the material permitting this to be readily done. The twoparts, namely, the mandrel I and the rotor I I are thus concentric inrelation to each other when assembled.

The groove It has sufiicient clearance over the flange so that easy butprecise circular movement is achieved when the rotor is turned, thusmoving the flange I? in the groove IS.

A means for yieldably holding the strand of hair around the spindle 20during every turn of the rotor II, is provided by installation of arubber guide band 2|. It also holds short strands and short hair firmlyin place.

The rotor I I also has integral with it two vertical arms or stanchions22 which extend upwardly a certain short distance, suflicient to providesupport for the rubber guide band 2| at each end, the guide band 2|being an endles loop which is slipped over these stanchions 22. Thestanchions 22 also serve to provide a locking base at for the ends ofthe flat upper cover Ill of the rotor unit. The upper cover I4 actuallyhas a dual function since it is both part of the locking device and theouter limiting wall of the housin formed by the rotor.

Three or four turns of the rotor I will usually be sufiicient forforming a desirable curl. The cover I4 has a slot 41 on one end which isslidable in a double groove 48 on one of the vertical arms 22 and has atthe opposite end a hole 49 through which the other vertical arm 22 mayenter and in addition has a flexible male tongue 50 which is just longenough to enter the locking base 5| on the latter vertical arm 22.

One or both of the stanchions 22 may be used as handles in turning therotor I I.

Thus it is apparent that the mandrel I0 is essentially sickle-shaped andincludes the handle ,4 I2 and a circular portion I3, with the spindle 23located in the center of the portion I3; the opening 52 extends in theform of an are around the spindle 2|! and has the gate I5 located uponone side of the handle I2. The rotor II has an arcshaped rim I3 providedwith a flange I'I fitting into a groove I6 formed upon the periphery ofthe portion I3 of the mandrel Ill. Due to this arrangement the rotor I Ican turn freely upon the mandrel It. The rotor II carries two stanchions22 located opposite each other and carrying the endless rubber band 2|which extends to one side of the spindle 20. cover I I.

In order to form a lasting permanent curl it is first necessary to bathethe hair in question in a suitable cold wave lotion. Next in operatingthe device it is necessary to introduce a suitable strand of hair intothe curling space or clearance area between members I3 and I4 throughthe gate I5. The curler at this time must of course have the gate I5open in the position shown in Figure 1, which will also locate the guideband 2| at the proper point since a center line extending through twovertical stanchions 22 will be at ninety degrees to a line extendingthrough the center of the tapered spindle 20 and the center of the gateI5.

The strand of hair must be of sufficient length to provide slack enoughof the free end to permit coiling several times. The free end of thestrand may be permitted to lie under the upper cover I4 of the rotor andagainst the spindle 26.

The operator then turns the rotor II in the direction of the arrow 6|]in Figure 1 (or in reverse), meanwhile holding the mandrel steady bymeans of the handle ID.

The guide band 2I will then carry the slack part of the hair around thespindle 20 under the yielding rubber and form a smooth coil about thetapered spindle 20.

Thus the winding of the strand of hair takes place as a result ofrelative rotary movement between the rotor II and the mandrel I0, whilethe band 2| merely presses the hair against the spindle 20 as it isbeing wound upon the spindle 20.

By applying a slight pressure to the under side of cover I4 and causingsame to foreshorten in projected length by bending outwardly, tongue 53will be disengaged from the base 5|, thus unlocking the cover l4 andpermitting it to be raised, whereupon the newly formed curl may beslipped oi? the tapered spindle 20 and the cover replaced and locked bysimply pressing on it. The process may then be repeated.

The second version of the invention is shown in Figures 3 and 4, thedevice includes a mandrel Ifla having a handle portion and a roundportion provided with an inner recess 10 communicating with a gate 45awhich is flanked by outwardly extending arms 28a.

The mandrel |0a carries a bearing 32. The rotor ||a has the form of anannular body provided with diverting arms 28 flanking a gate |5a leadingto an inner space 3011. The rotor Ha is rotatably mounted upon a taperedspindle 20a which is carried in a bearing 32 forming part of the mandrelIlla.

The rotor I la may be conveniently disengaged from the mandrel Illa inthe position shown in Figure 3 by slight pressure upon the rotor whichwill cause it to move downwardly, so that the tapered spindle 20a willbe located in the slot 29 of the rotor, thus permitting its removal. The

The stanchions 22 carry the rotor Ha may be replaced by reversing saidoporation.

The rotor Ila also carries two vertical pins 33 on its periphery solocated that theywill act as guides for the hair.

In operating this device the free end of the prepared hair strand isinserted with a certain amount of slack through the gate I51: and ledthrough the aperture 30a and the gate 45a into the recess 10. At thattime the gate Ia is located directly above the gate 45a. The free end ofthe strand of hair lies against the bearing 32. The operator holds thehandle of the mandrel Na and turns the rotor Ila. The pins 33 will thenwind the strand of hair in the form of a curl upon the bearing 32. Aftercoiling the strand the rotor Ila is removed as hereinbefore described,thus releasing the formed curl. There is no rotor handle in this device,but a finger may be applied between the guide arms 28 while turning therotor. In this case also the rotation of the rotor I la about thespindle a will cause the winding of a strand of hair upon the spindle20a.

The third embodiment of the invention is shown in Figures 5 and 6. Therotor llb in this case is somewhat similar to the rotor I la exceptingthat the dumbbell slot 29 of Figure 3 is replaced by a slitted bearing33a of such design that this bearing may be slipped inward on the axisof the spindle 20b. The spindle 20b terminates at the end in a conicaltip 35 to facilitate this operation. Inwardly of the conical tip is amachined groove 36 wherein the above slitted bearing 3311 may locate.Rotor Hb in this case is provided again with two curved guides 38 between which is located the gate I517, and also carries arms 54.

The mandrel lllb in this case consists merely of a handle I 2b and thespindle 20b. Rotor llb also incorporates a handle 39 by means of whichit may be turned.

In operation of this article the prepared strand of hair is led over thespindle 2%, between the curved guides 38, and through the gate l5b withsuitable slack at the free end. The turning operation is repeated asbefore, the operator holding the handle I21) and turning the rotor libby means of its handle 39. The arms 54 will then wind the hair upon thespindle 20b. The rotor Hb may be removed from the mandrel l0b uponcompletion of the winding operation by applying steady gentle pressureunder same, which will cause slitted bearing 33a to expand because ofnatural resilience of material, thus permitting the rotor to be removedoutwardly, whereupon the curl of hair may be removed and another made.Reassembly of the curler may be done easily by reversing the lastoperation.

In Figures 7 and 8 there is shown a fourth embodiment of the invention.The mandrel Hlc includes a handle I20, central bearing 33c and anarcuate body I50 enclosing two recesses 30c and 460. The body carries aguide as consisting of a circular flange incorporated into the peripheryof the body portion Mic. The bearing 33c may have the form of a tubeprovided with slots extending parallel to the axis thereof. The flange40 is continued upon the handle 20 in the form of a projection or guide53.

The rotor I I0 has a central portion carrying a button-shaped pivot 4iwhich fits into the bearing 330. The rotor I to is further provided withcurved arms located on opposite sides of a gate 450. An arm or handle380 is mounted upon the rotor opposite the gate 45c.

In operating this article the operator leads the prepared hair strandthrough the both gates of the mandrel and rotor into the space 460 Whilethe gates are in alignment, in the position shown in Figure 7. Now uponturning the rotor by means of the handle 39cwhile holding the handle I20of the mandrel l0c the hair is rapidly led and guided by the circularflange 48 so that it coils firmly about the spindle 33cof the mandrel.Thus in this construction, as well as in those previously described, itis the continuous rotation of the rotor Ilc about the spindle 330 whichcauses the winding of the strand of hair about the spindle to form acurl.

Having completed the curl the rotor may be removed by applying slightsteady pressure under same in an outwardly direction which action willcause segments of slitted tapered spindle 330 to expand and allow rotorlie to slip out of said spindle 33c, thus disassembling the device.Reversal of the above operation will reassemble the article for furtheruse.

It is apparent that the specific illustrations shown above have beengiven by way of illustration and not by way of limitation and that theexamples above described are capable of wide variations and modificationwithout departing from the scope or intent of the present invention. Allof such variations and modifications are to be included within the scopeof the present invention.

What is claimed is:

1. A hair curler, comprising a mandrel having an aperture formedtherethrough and a gate opening into said aperture, a spindle centrallylocated on said mandrel, an arcuate rotor rotatably mounted on saidmandrel, said rotor having a gate formed therein, said gates beingadapted to receive a strand of hair when in registration one with theother, and a cover hingedly connected to said rotor for retaining saidstrand of hair.

2. A hair curler, comprising a mandrel having an aperture formedtherethrough and a gate opening into said aperture, a spindle centrallylocated on said mandrel, an arcuate rotor rotatably mounted on saidmandrel, said rotor having a gate formed therein, said gates beingadapted to receive a strand of hair when in registration one with theother, a pair of upstanding arms on said rotor, and a cover hingedlyconnected to one of said arms and releasably engaging the other of saidarms.

3. A hair curler, comprising a mandrel having an aperture formedtherethrough and a gate opening into said aperture, a spindle centrallylocated on said mandrel, said mandrel having an outwardly disposedcircular groove formed in its periphery, an arcuate rotor having acircular flange seated in said groove and rotatable about said mandrel,said rotor having a gate formed therein, said gates being adapted toreceive a strand of hair when in registration one with the other, a pairof upstanding arms on said rotor, a cover hingediy connected to one ofsaid arms and releasably engaging the other of said arms, and extensiblemeans on said arms for guiding and retaining said strand.

4. A hair curler, comprising a mandrel having an aperture formedtherethrough and a gate opening into said aperture, a spindle centrallylocated on said mandrel, said mandrel having an outwardly disposedcircular groove formed in its periphery, an arcuate rotor having acircular flange seated in said groove and rotatable about 7said'mandrel, said rotor having a gate formed REFERENCES CITED thereinsaid gates being adapted to receive a The following references are ofrecord in the strand of hair when in registration one with the file ofthis patent:

other, a pair of upstanding arms on said rotor, a cover hingediyconnected to one of said arms 5 UNITED STATES PATENTS and. releasablyengaging the other of said arms, N mber Name Date and an endlessextensible band frictionally en- 2,091,785 Leland Aug. 31, 1937 gagingsaid arms and passing to one side of said 2,144,714 Bowyer Jan. 24, 1939spindle for guiding and retaining said strand. 2,383,628 Wormington Nov.6, 1945 ARMAND CALDORA. 10 2,432,585 POhl et a1. Dec. 16, 19%?

